T39 is an aluminium alloy composed of copper, manganese, nickel, silicon, tin, and zinc. It is considered one of the most versatile aluminium alloys due to its wide range of properties and uses. In this blog post, we will explore the composition, chemical properties, mechanical properties, physical properties, uses, corrosion resistance, heat resistance and heat treatment options for Aluminium 2324.
Aluminium 2324 Composition
T39 is composed of copper (Cu), manganese (Mn), nickel (Ni), silicon (Si), tin (Sn) and zinc (Zn). This combination gives it a high strength-to-weight ratio while also providing excellent corrosion resistance. The alloy has a melting point of over 600°C and can be hardened by cold working processes.
| Component Elements Properties | Metric | English | Comments |
|---|---|---|---|
| Aluminum, Al | 92 – 94.7 % | 92 – 94.7 % | As Remainder |
| Chromium, Cr | <= 0.10 % | <= 0.10 % | |
| Copper, Cu | 3.8 – 4.4 % | 3.8 – 4.4 % | |
| Iron, Fe | <= 0.12 % | <= 0.12 % | |
| Magnesium, Mg | 1.2 – 1.8 % | 1.2 – 1.8 % | |
| Manganese, Mn | 0.30 – 0.90 % | 0.30 – 0.90 % | |
| Other, each | <= 0.050 % | <= 0.050 % | |
| Other, total | <= 0.15 % | <= 0.15 % | |
| Silicon, Si | <= 0.10 % | <= 0.10 % | |
| Titanium, Ti | <= 0.15 % | <= 0.15 % | |
| Zinc, Zn | <= 0.25 % | <= 0.25 % |
Aluminium 2324 Chemical Properties
Its composition defines the chemical properties of Aluminium 2324. The alloy contains elements such as copper, which provides good thermal conductivity and electrical conductivity while also providing high strength at elevated temperatures. Manganese increases the hardness and strength of the alloy, while nickel increases its corrosion resistance. Silicon improves weldability while reducing shrinkage during cooling processes and increasing strength at high temperatures. Tin helps to increase ductility and improve machinability, while zinc provides good fatigue strength and increases corrosion resistance.
Aluminium 2324 Mechanical Properties
T39 has a high tensile strength ranging from 500 MPa to 700 MPa with an elongation percentage between 5% to 10%. It also has excellent creep resistance meaning it can withstand high stress without deforming over time. The alloy’s yield strength is between 300 MPa to 500 MPa with an excellent impact toughness value of up to 20 Joules/cm2 in annealed conditions; however, this value decreases significantly when hardened by cold working processes.
| Mechanical Properties | Metric | English | Comments |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tensile Strength, Ultimate | >= 475 MPa | >= 68900 psi | Guaranteed minimum; long transverse |
| Tensile Strength, Yield | >= 370 MPa | >= 53700 psi | Guaranteed minimum; long transverse |
| Elongation at Break | >= 8.0 % | >= 8.0 % | Guaranteed minimum; long transverse |
| Modulus of Elasticity | 72.4 GPa | 10500 ksi | AA2024 |
| Poissons Ratio | 0.33 | 0.33 | AA2024 |
| Shear Modulus | 27.0 GPa | 3920 ksi | AA2024 |
Aluminium 2324 Physical Properties
This aluminium alloy has good electrical conductivity due to its copper content; however, this property can be improved through heat treatment processes that remove impurities from the material surface, such as oxygen or hydrogen atoms which act as insulators for electricity flow. Its thermal conductivity is also improved through heat treatments allowing for better dissipation of heat energy from the material surface into its surroundings; this property makes it ideal for use in applications where efficient heat transfer is required, such as automotive parts or electronics components.
| Physical Properties | Metric | English | Comments |
|---|---|---|---|
| Density | 2.77 g/cc | 0.100 lb/in³ | per Aluminum Association |
Aluminium 2324 Uses
Due to its unique combination of mechanical and physical properties, Aluminium 2324 can be used in a variety of industries, including aerospace, automotive and marine engineering; it is also used in construction industry applications such as window frames or doors due to its corrosion resistance abilities as well as in electronics components because it offers good electrical conductivity combined with low-cost production process costs compared with other available alternatives like stainless steel alloys or titanium alloys.
Corrosion Resistance
This aluminium alloy exhibits excellent corrosion resistance against harsh environments like those found in coastal areas or industrial zones because it contains elements such as zinc which reacts with oxygen molecules from the atmosphere creating a protective layer on top of the material surface, preventing further oxidation from occurring; this layer also prevents water droplets from reaching the metal’s core thereby avoiding any potential rusting damage which could arise if left unprotected in these conditions for extended periods. Additionally, its copper content gives it additional protection against saltwater spray, which can corrode metals exposed for long periods at sea level by forming oxides on their surfaces, thus reducing their lifespan significantly if left untreated regularly with appropriate coatings or paint materials specific for marine application purposes.
Heat Resistance
Aluminium 2324 has very good heat resistance capabilities allowing it to maintain structural integrity even when heated up above 600°C without losing any significant amount of its mechanical properties; however, when heated up above 800°C for extended periods of more than 30 minutes then, some loss in mechanical characteristics may occur due to grain growth phenomena taking place inside the material structure caused by excessive temperature exposure.
Machining
Aluminium 2324 machining is remarkably complex, requiring skill, precision and patience. It is widely used in industry due to its combination of lightweight characteristics and strength. Methods for machining aluminium 2324 include using a milling machine, lathe and drill press. Adhesively bonded cores are commonly used during the process, allowing more intricate designs to be created. Machinists with experience in aluminium 2324 machining possess specialized expertise that can tailor components with an exacting level of quality while reducing material waste and cost. Finished products made from machined aluminium 2324 are ideal for many applications, such as marine and aircraft parts, custom-made brackets and fittings, structural components and surgical instruments.
Heat Treatment
Suppose you need further improvements regarding thermal stability. In that case, specific heat treatments must be applied either before or after machining operations depending on your particular application needs, which include solutionizing followed by an ageing process commonly referred to using the H112 designation, which will improve both hardness values but reduce ductility slightly or T6 tempering option that will enhance both hardness but reduces tensile strength slightly depending on your particular project requirements.
Welding
Finally, there are welding procedures available too that allow you to join two pieces together using suitable filler materials intended explicitly for aluminium alloys like the 4043SS wire rod typically used when welding thin gauge materials where penetration depth may not be sufficient enough otherwise due too low wattage output levels being generated by standard MIG welder machines.
Conclusion
Aluminium 2324 stands out among many other aluminium alloys thanks to its versatility allowing users to take advantage of many different attributes like excellent corrosion resistance combined with good machinability options making it the ideal choice for many various applications like aerospace components, marine engineering solutions, automotive parts, electronic assemblies, medical implants, etc. Additionally, other advantages like relatively low-cost production process costs and availability of raw materials make them viable alternatives compared to expensive alternatives available nowadays, thus making them suitable options when budget constraints need to be considered before launching new products into the market. In conclusion, if you are looking for an aluminium-based solution that doesn’t break the bank, look no further than Aluminium 2324!
Abhishek is a seasoned blogger and industry expert, sharing his insights and knowledge on various topics. With his research, Abhishek offers valuable insights and tips for professionals and enthusiasts. Follow him for expert advice on the latest trends and developments in the metal industry.
