The industrial world is constantly advancing and finding new materials that offer improved performance, durability, and other benefits. One such material that has gained significant interest and use in various industries is Hastelloy N. This nickel-based alloy provides unique properties such as high strength, heat resistance, and excellent corrosion resistance, making it ideal for harsh environments. In this blog post, we will dive into the composition, physical and mechanical properties of Hastelloy N, its many benefits, hardness, heat treatment, welding, and impressive corrosion resistance.
Hastelloy N Composition
Hastelloy N is a nickel-chromium-molybdenum alloy containing a small amount of iron, cobalt, and tungsten. The chemical composition of Hastelloy N usually includes 56-65% nickel, 4.5-5.5% chromium, 4-6% molybdenum, 1.5-3% iron, 3-4.5% cobalt, and 1-2.5% tungsten. The combined effects of these elements produce excellent mechanical and corrosion-resistant properties that make Hastelloy N a favourite material in demanding applications.
Element
Content (%)
Nickel, Ni
71
Molybdenum, Mo
16
Chromium, Cr
7
Iron, Fe
≤ 5
Silicon, Si
≤ 1
Manganese, Mn
≤ 0.80
Tungsten, W
≤ 0.50
Aluminum, Al + Titanium, Ti
≤ 0.50
Copper, Cu
≤ 0.35
Cobalt, Co
≤ 0.20
Carbon, C
≤ 0.080
Hastelloy N Physical Properties
Hastelloy N exhibits favourable physical properties that make it useful in high-temperature environments. Its density is 8.34 g/cm3; it has a melting point of 1315 °C and a boiling point of 3090 °C. Moreover, it has a thermal conductivity of 10.3 W/mK, a coefficient of thermal expansion of 12.3×10^-6/°C, and a specific heat capacity of 454 J/kgK.
Properties
Metric
Imperial
Density
8.86 g/cm³
0.320 lb/in³
Melting point
1372°C
2500°F
Hastelloy N Mechanical Properties
The mechanical properties of Hastelloy N are impressive and make it the go-to material for various industrial applications. Its tensile strength is between 825-1035 MPa, the yield strength is between 400-690 MPa, and its elongation at break is 0.20 to 0.28 (in 50mm). The hardness of Hastelloy N ranges between 200 and 260 HB, and it has a shear modulus of 82 GPa.
Hastelloy N is widely used in manufacturing equipment and components for high-temperature applications such as steam turbines, gas turbines, furnace components, nitric acid production, and catalyst support systems. Its resistance to corrosion makes it suitable for use in sour gas applications such as oil and gas refineries.
Hastelloy N Hardness
The hardness of Hastelloy N varies depending on the heat treatment. It ranges between 200-260 HB in the annealed condition and can increase to 300 HB in the cold-worked state. The hardness can also change with welding and might require post-weld heat treatment to restore the material to its original hardness.
Hastelloy N Heat Treatment
Hastelloy N can be heat-treated through annealing, which involves heating it to 1030°C and allowing it to cool slowly. This process relieves any stresses in the material and improves its ductility. Hastelloy N can also be solution-treated by heating it between 1010 and 1140°C, followed by water quenching.
Hastelloy N Welding
Welding of Hastelloy N can be done through Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW), Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW), and Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW). However, the material should be preheated to 250-500°C before welding to avoid the formation of cracks and ensure a successful weld. Hastelloy N can also be joined to other materials using brazing techniques.
Hastelloy N Corrosion Resistant
Hastelloy N offers excellent corrosion resistance, making it ideal for harsh environments. Its high resistance to localized corrosion, pitting, and crevice corrosion makes it suitable in acidic or chlorinated environments. This property is why Hastelloy N is used extensively in the solar energy and petroleum industry.
Conclusion
Hastelloy N is a high-performance nickel-based alloy with significant benefits in high-temperature and harsh environments. Its unique properties, such as high strength, excellent corrosion resistance, and ductility, make it ideal for use in various industries, including the oil and gas, chemical, and solar energy industries. Understanding the composition, physical and mechanical properties, uses, hardness, heat treatment, welding, and impressive corrosion resistance will help you make the most of this material in your industrial applications. With its many advantages, Hastelloy N is set to remain a favourite material in many industries in the years to come.
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