UNS N19909 is a nickel-iron-chromium alloy designed to provide excellent resistance to oxidation and carburization. It has high mechanical strength and creep resistance, making it an ideal choice for applications such as gas turbines, petrochemical equipment, and other high-temperature components. Let’s take a look at the composition, physical properties, corrosion resistance, heat treatment, machining, welding, and more of this popular alloy.
Incoloy 909 Composition
UNS N19909 contains nickel (Ni) 43.5%, chromium (Cr) 18%, iron (Fe) balance, cobalt (Co) 2%, aluminium (Al) 0.05%, carbon (C) 0.06%, manganese (Mn) 1%, silicon (Si) 0.6% and titanium (Ti) 0.3%. It also contains trace amounts of sulfur (S), phosphorus (P), copper (Cu), tin (Sn), molybdenum (Mo), lead (Pb), and bismuth (Bi). The alloy is known for its excellent oxidation and carburization resistance in high-temperature environments up to 1150°C / 2100°F.
| Elements | Content (%) |
|---|---|
| Iron, Fe | 42 |
| Nickel, Ni | 38 |
| Cobalt, Co | 13 |
| Niobium, Nb | 4.7 |
| Titanium, Ti | 1.5 |
| Silicon, Si | 0.4 |
| Aluminum, Al | 0.03 |
| Carbon, C | 0.01 |
Incoloy 909 Physical Properties
909 Alloy has excellent mechanical strength and creep resistance up to 1150°C / 2100°F making it ideal for use in extreme temperature applications such as gas turbines or petrochemical equipment operating under highly oxidizing conditions where carburizing may occur due to the presence of certain fuel gases. Its tensile strength is 850MPa/123ksi at room temperature while its yield strength is 690MPa/100ksi at room temperature. Its elongation at break is 10% in 50mm gauge length while its shear modulus is 79GPa/1150ksi.
| Properties | Metric | Imperial |
|---|---|---|
| Density | 8.30 g/cm³ | 0.300 lb/in³ |
| Melting point | 1422°C | 2590°F |
Incoloy 909 Chemical Properties
Incoloy 909 is designed to meet extreme requirements imposed by the high-temperature processing and corrosive nature of nitric acid production. With an undeniably hard-wearing exterior, this type of nickel-iron-chromium alloy is equipped with superior corrosion resistance and has good oxidation strength up to 2100°F. Its composition consists of iron, chromium, molybdenum, cobalt, tungsten, aluminum, silicon, titanium, and many other parts that help it resist hostile environments. Incoloy 909 is utilized in reactors where temperatures surpass 1300 degrees Fahrenheit for a long-lasting protective sheath. It also maintains elevated strength properties during oxidation service at extreme temperatures– another reason why this unique component is increasingly relied upon in industrial settings.
Incoloy 909 Mechanical Properties
909 Incoloy is precipitation-hardenable stainless steel that has superior corrosion resistance and crevice corrosion resistance. It is also highly resistant to different forms of stress corrosion cracking, like fretting, cavitation, and erosion. The hardness of Incoloy 909 can be increased via heat treatment processes, making its mechanical properties unsurpassed compared to other steels. It has both high strength and ductility allowing it to be used in an array of applications, from cryogenic devices to fasteners. Additionally, its ability to retain tensile strength at higher temperatures makes Incoloy 909 the go-to choice for many industries requiring specialized alloy solutions.
| Properties | Metric | Imperial |
|---|---|---|
| Tensile strength (precipitation hardened. value at room temperature) | 1300 MPa | 189000 psi |
| Yield strength (@ strain 0.200%, precipitation hardened, value at room temperature) | 1140 MPa | 165000 psi |
| Elongation at break (precipitation hardened) | 15% | 15% |
Incoloy 909 Thermal Properties
| Properties | Metric | Imperial |
|---|---|---|
| Thermal expansion co-efficient (@ 20-427°C/68-801°F) | 7.70 µm/m°C | 4.28 µin/in°F |
| Thermal conductivity | 14.8 W/mK | 103 BTU.in/hr.ft².°F |
Corrosion Resistance
In addition to its impressive mechanical properties, Incoloy 909 also offers excellent corrosion resistance against many types of acids including sulfuric acid and hydrochloric acid among others as well as good oxidation resistance at elevated temperatures up to 1150°C / 2100°F making it ideal for use in harsh industrial environments where chemical exposure may be common.
Incoloy 909 Uses
909 Grade has a variety of uses and is often used by commercial industries. It is known for its corrosion resistance, strength, and high temperature capabilities which is why it is commonly used in turbine blades in the aerospace industry. Additionally, it can be found in cutlery and food processing equipment due to the fact that it does not react to acids or organic compounds. Incoloy 909 also has many industrial applications, such as exhaust systems and heat exchangers for petroleum refineries. This nickel-iron-chromium alloy displays impressive heat resistant properties which makes this metal ideal for high level machinery where strength and temperature resistance are essential.
Heat Treatment
Its heat treatment allows for further improvement in its already impressive range of properties including increased hardness and improved ductility allowing for greater flexibility in fabrication processes such as welding or machining without compromising strength or corrosion resistance characteristics.
Machining
Grade 909 is a super-alloy specifically developed for complex machining. It features excellent corrosion resistance, superior mechanical strength, and excellent metallurgical stability at high temperatures. Incoloy 909 can be machined in a variety of ways, including turning, drilling, milling, and grinding – each providing different levels of material removal and accuracy solutions. With the added benefits of oxidation and scaling resistance, as well as its high temperature performance capability, it is an ideal alloy for parts that require precise machining over large areas. In addition to these characteristics, Incoloy 909 machines quickly and produces a superior surface finish with little chip formation providing a cost effective option for machined components.
Welding
Alloy 909 welding offers some of the most reliable welds available, due to its exceptional capacity for withstanding high temperatures and unpredictable performance specifications. This welding technique is ideal for situations in which replicating specialized components or featuring extreme durability are important, such as those found within the transportation and aerospace industries. By taking careful approach during preparations, instrumental calibrations, mode selections, and other processes needed to complete a successful weld with Incoloy 909, professionals can ensure a high-quality product that meets all quality diligence standards every time.
Conclusion:
In conclusion, Incoloy 909 is a versatile nickel-iron-chromium alloy designed with excellent oxidation and carburization resistance making it an ideal choice for applications that require extreme temperatures up to 1150°C / 2100°F such as gas turbines or petrochemical equipment operating under highly oxidizing conditions where carburizing may occur due to the presence of certain fuel gases. It offers good mechanical strength, creep resistance, corrosion resistance against many types of acids, good oxidation resistance at elevated temperatures up to 1150°C / 2100°F and improved ductility after heat treatment allowing for greater flexibility in fabrication processes such as welding or machining without compromising strength or corrosion resistant characteristics . For these reasons, Incoloy 909 remains one of the most popular alloys used today in industry applications requiring extreme temperatures and environmental conditions .
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