AISI 5135 steel is a high-carbon, low-alloy structural steel used in a variety of applications. 5135 Alloy Steel has excellent machinability and weldability properties and provides good corrosion and heat resistance. This article will provide an overview of the properties and uses of UNS G51350, as well as detail its corrosion resistance, heat resistance, heat treatment, machining, and welding characteristics.
AISI 5135 Composition
| Element | Content (%) |
|---|---|
| Iron, Fe | 97.445 – 98.17 |
| Chromium, Cr | 0.750 – 1.00 |
| Manganese, Mn | 0.600 – 0.800 |
| Carbon, C | 0.330 – 0.380 |
| Silicon, Si | 0.150 – 0.300 |
| Sulfur, S | ≤ 0.0400 |
| Phosphorous, P | ≤ 0.0350 |
AISI 5135 Physical Properties
| Properties | Metric | Imperial |
|---|---|---|
| Density | 7.85 g/cm3 | 0.284 lb/in³ |
AISI 5135 Mechanical Properties
| Properties | Metric | Imperial |
|---|---|---|
| Bulk modulus (typical for steel) | 140 GPa | 20300 ksi |
| Shear modulus (typical for steel) | 80 GPa | 11600 ksi |
| Elastic modulus | 190-210 GPa | 27557-30458 ksi |
| Poisson’s ratio | 0.27-0.30 | 0.27-0.30 |
| Hardness, Brinell (annealed and cold drawn) | 179 – 217 | 179 – 217 |
| Hardness, Knoop (converted from Brinell hardness) | 220 | 220 |
| Hardness, Rockwell B (converted from Brinell hardness) | 92 | 92 |
| Hardness, Rockwell C | 13 | 13 |
| Hardness, Vickers (converted from Brinell hardness) | 208 | 208 |
| Machinability (annealed and cold drawn. Based on 100 machinability for AISI 1212 steel) | 70 | 70 |
AISI 5135 Thermal Properties
| Properties | Metric | Imperial |
|---|---|---|
| Thermal conductivity (typical steel) | 46.6 W/mK | 323 BTU in/hr.ft².°F |
AISI 5135 Equivalent
- AFNOR 38 C 4
- DIN 1.7034
- UNI 38 Cr 4 KB
- JIS SCr 3 H
- B.S. 530 A 36
- B.S. 530 H 36
- B.S. Type 3
- ASTM A322
- ASTM A331
- ASTM A519
- SAE J404
- SAE J412
- SAE J770
AISI 5135 Uses
SAE/AISI 5135 steel is widely used in a variety of applications due to its wide range of mechanical properties. Its versatility makes it ideal for parts that require strength, wear resistance, toughness, and ductility. Common applications include gears and shafts for automotive components; hand tools; machine tools; agricultural equipment; screws; springs; fasteners; valves; pumps; studs; pins; nuts, and bolts.
Corrosion Resistance
SAE/AISI 5135 steel offers good corrosion resistance because it contains chromium (Cr) which helps form a protective oxide film on the surface. This film helps protect the metal from oxidation and corrosion caused by moisture or exposure to other corrosive elements such as acids or alkalis. The addition of nickel (Ni) also helps improve corrosion resistance by increasing the protective oxide film’s thickness.
Heat Resistance
SAE/AISI 5135 steel offers excellent heat resistance due to its high chromium (Cr) content which helps form a thick protective oxide film on the surface that prevents oxidation at elevated temperatures. Nickel (Ni) also helps improve heat resistance by helping increase the thickness of this protective film. In addition, the alloy’s low carbon content improves its ability to resist softening at higher temperatures.
Heat Treatment
Heat treatment can be used to alter the hardness and strength of SAE/AISI 5135 steel without significantly affecting its other mechanical properties, such as ductility and toughness. Commonly used heat treatments include quenching followed by tempering or normalizing followed by tempering or annealing followed by tempering, depending on the desired outcome. Quenching is used for higher hardness, normalizing is better for toughness, and annealing is best for enhanced ductility.
Machining
SAE/AISI 5135 steel offers excellent machinability due to its relatively low carbon content, which increases cutting speed while reducing power consumption during machining operations compared to higher carbon steels. Additionally, it has good wear resistance, which further improves machinability when dealing with difficult-to-machine materials such as stainless steel or aluminum alloys. It is recommended that slow speeds be used when turning, drilling, or milling this material to reduce tool wear while maximizing accuracy and precision in the finished product. Finally, using sharp cutting tools with positive rake angles will help produce smooth surfaces with minimal burrs during machining operations on this material type.
Conclusion:
In conclusion, SAE/AISI 5135 steel is an excellent material choice for many engineering applications due to its versatile combination of strength, wear resistance, toughness, corrosion resistance, and heat resistance qualities, along with excellent machinability properties when combined with its weldability capabilities, make it suitable for most any job requiring these qualities such as gears, shafts automotive components hand tools machine tools agricultural equipment screws springs fasteners valves pumps studs pins nuts bolts etcetera. Furthermore, it can be easily heat treated in order to tailor fit its mechanical properties according to specific application needs making it an even more desirable material choice overall in many engineering projects worldwide today!
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